Vitamins MCQs with Answers
Which vitamin can function like a hormone in the body?
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin B complex
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin E
Beri-beri results from deficiency of which vitamin?
- A. Thiamine (B1)
- B. Pyridoxine (B6)
- C. Ascorbic acid (C)
- D. Riboflavin (B2)
Chronic kidney failure with bone pain often indicates lack of which vitamin?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B complex
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin D
Cereals typically lack which nutrient group?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin B complex
- C. Iron
- D. Calcium
Which of these roles is associated with vitamin C?
- A. Procollagen maturation
- B. Osteoid matrix formation
- C. Osteoid calcification
- D. Both A and B
All of the following occur in vitamin A deficiency EXCEPT:
- A. Night blindness
- B. Dry cornea
- C. Bitot’s spots
- D. Myopia
Vitamin K deficiency is first indicated by:
- A. Low platelets
- B. Prolonged prothrombin time
- C. Shortened prothrombin time
- D. None of the above
Which clotting factors depend on vitamin K?
- A. II
- B. VII
- C. IX
- D. X
- E. All of the above
The richest source of vitamin E among these is:
- A. Cod liver oil
- B. Fish liver oil
- C. Wheat germ oil
- D. Liver
A cofactor in glycine breakdown involves which vitamin?
- A. Vitamin E
- B. Folic acid
- C. Thiamine
- D. Cobalamin
The FIGLU excretion test identifies deficiency of:
- A. Vitamin K
- B. Vitamin B₆
- C. Folic acid
- D. Niacin
All of these are features of vitamin C deficiency EXCEPT:
- A. Poor collagen synthesis
- B. Swollen gums
- C. Pigeon chest
- D. Hemorrhages
Vitamin K’s primary role is to:
- A. Aid prothrombin formation
- B. Inhibit antithrombin
- C. Prevent capillary fragility
- D. Stimulate bone marrow
Normal fat absorption is essential for uptake of which vitamin?
- A. Vitamin K
- B. Amino acids
- C. Calcium
- D. Glucose
All of these cofactor matches are correct EXCEPT:
- A. Biotin – carboxylated biotin
- B. Vitamin B – ATP
- C. Niacin – NAD⁺/NADP⁺
- D. Vitamin B₂ – FMN/FAD
Vitamin A deficiency primarily leads to:
- A. Water solubility
- B. Vision impairment
- C. Low plasma calcium
- D. Poor clotting
One-carbon transfer reactions rely on which vitamin?
- A. Niacin
- B. Thiamine
- C. Ascorbic acid
- D. Folic acid
Niacin is synthesized in the body from which amino acid?
- A. Tyrosine
- B. Tryptophan
- C. Threonine
- D. Histidine
Which forms of vitamin A are biologically active?
- A. Retinol only
- B. Retinal only
- C. Retinoic acid only
- D. All of the above
Which mineral spares vitamin E in the body?
- A. Chromium
- B. Iron
- C. Iodine
- D. Selenium
Ascorbic acid functions as a:
- A. Reducing agent
- B. Iron absorption inhibitor
- C. Harmless high-dose supplement
- D. Lysyl oxidase cofactor
Which delay in wound healing involves both vitamin C deficiency and infection?
- A. Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
- B. Ascorbic acid deficiency
- C. Infection
- D. Both B and C
Which is the poorest dietary source of vitamin C?
- A. Milk
- B. Cabbage
- C. Guava
- D. Radish
Coenzyme A contains which vitamin component?
- A. Biotin
- B. Pyridoxine
- C. Pantothenic acid
- D. Niacin
Good sources of vitamin C include:
- A. Apples
- B. Leafy greens
- C. Citrus fruits
- D. Both B and C
Anicteric pellagra (anicinosis) is another term for:
- A. Perleche
- B. Beri-beri
- C. Pellagra
- D. Night blindness
Which group lists the fat-soluble vitamins correctly?
- A. A, B, D, K
- B. A, D, E, K
- C. A, B, E, K
- D. A, C, E, K
Deficiency of nicotinic acid (niacin) leads to:
- A. Beri-beri
- B. Pellagra
- C. Night blindness
- D. Pernicious anemia
The ‘3 Ds’ (dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia) indicate a shortage of:
- A. Thiamine
- B. Riboflavin
- C. Niacin
- D. Pyridoxine
Which trace element is central to vitamin B₁₂’s structure?
- A. Selenium
- B. Cobalt
- C. Iron
- D. Calcium
All of these occur in vitamin C deficiency EXCEPT:
- A. Swollen painful gums
- B. Poor collagen formation
- C. Anemia
- D. Diarrhea
The earliest sign of vitamin A shortage is:
- A. Night blindness
- B. Bitot’s spots
- C. Xerostomia
- D. Conjunctival dryness
Pernicious anemia is due to deficiency of:
- A. Vitamin B₁
- B. Vitamin B₁₂
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin D
A lack of vitamin A mainly impairs which visual pigment?
- A. Vitamin D-dependent pigment
- B. Rickets-related pigment
- C. Rhodopsin
- D. Scurvy-related pigment
Recommended daily vitamin C intake is about:
- A. 30–40 mg
- B. 50–60 mg
- C. 60–100 mg
- D. 100–150 mg
Who first demonstrated effective treatment of scurvy?
- A. Fracastorius
- B. James Lind
- C. John Snow
- D. Edward Jenner
Which vitamin is produced by gut bacteria?
- A. Vitamin B complex
- B. Vitamin A
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin K
Which vitamin is most critical for cell division during mitosis?
- A. Folic acid
- B. Pantothenic acid
- C. Ascorbic acid (C)
- D. Aspartic acid
Thiamine shortage disrupts which key metabolic step?
- A. Pyruvate → acetyl-CoA
- B. Citrate → α-ketoglutarate
- C. Succinyl-CoA → fumarate
- D. None of the above
Vitamin B₁₂ absorption occurs in the:
- A. Stomach
- B. Terminal ileum
- C. Lower jejunum
- D. Proximal ileum
One molecule of β-carotene yields how many units of vitamin A?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Vitamin K modifies clotting factors by:
- A. Post-transcription
- B. Post-translation
- C. Golgi processing
- D. ER processing
Thiamine deficiency is confirmed by testing:
- A. Blood thiamine levels
- B. Serum alkaline phosphatase
- C. Erythrocyte transketolase activity
- D. Plasma pyruvate/lactate
Both vitamins K and C play roles in:
- A. Clotting factor synthesis
- B. Post-translational modifications
- C. Antioxidant defense
- D. Microsomal hydroxylation
Biotin is a required cofactor for:
- A. Pyruvate carboxylase
- B. Lactate dehydrogenase
- C. Succinate thiokinase
- D. Phosphohexose isomerase
Malonic aciduria is associated with a deficiency of which vitamin?
- A. Pyridoxine (B6)
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Folic acid
- D. Riboflavin (B2)
Vitamin B₁₂ is also known as:
- A. Extrinsic factor
- B. Intrinsic factor
- C. Cyanocobalamin
- D. A fat-soluble vitamin
The active form of vitamin D produced in the kidney is:
- A. 1-dihydroxycholecalciferol
- B. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol
- C. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
- D. 7-dihydroxycalciferol
Which organ contains the highest concentration of vitamin C?
- A. Eye
- B. Kidneys
- C. Testes
- D. Adrenal cortex
Tocopherol is the chemical name for:
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin E
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin D
Collagen formation is most affected by deficiency of:
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin B₂
- D. Vitamin D
Peripheral neuropathy is classically seen in deficiency of which vitamin?
- A. Pyridoxine (B6)
- B. Vitamin E
- C. Vitamin A
- D. Pantothenic acid
The key component in flavoproteins is derived from which vitamin?
- A. Vitamin B6
- B. Vitamin B2
- C. Vitamin B1
- D. Vitamin A
Which specific condition is caused by lack of vitamin B₁?
- A. Pellagra
- B. Angular cheilitis
- C. Megaloblastic anemia
- D. Peripheral polyneuritis
Which vitamin enhances dietary iron absorption?
- A. Folic acid
- B. Ascorbic acid (C)
- C. Biotin
- D. Para-aminobenzoic acid
Vitamin K counteracts which anticoagulant?
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. Thrombin inhibitors
- C. Bishydroxycoumarin
- D. Liver clotting factors
Scurvy is caused by insufficient:
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin B complex
- D. Vitamin D
An average daily intake of vitamin A (in I.U.) is around:
- A. 1000
- B. 2000
- C. 3000
- D. 4000
Vitamin B₁₂ acts as a coenzyme for:
- A. Isocitrate dehydrogenase
- B. Homocysteine methyltransferase
- C. Glycogen synthase
- D. G-6-P dehydrogenase
Thiamine deficiency lowers energy because it’s a coenzyme for:
- A. Transamination
- B. Oxidative reduction
- C. Pentose phosphate transketolase
- D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
A tryptophan load test evaluates deficiency of:
- A. Folic acid
- B. Niacin
- C. Pyridoxine (B6)
- D. Cobalamin (B₁₂)
Most body stores of vitamin B₁₂ are in the form of:
- A. Methylcobalamin
- B. Hydroxocobalamin
- C. Cyanocobalamin
- D. None of the above
Xerophthalmia is caused by lack of:
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin K
Niacin and riboflavin primarily assist in:
- A. Redox reactions
- B. Transamination
- C. Methyl transfers
- D. Amine transfers
Avidin in raw egg white affects absorption of which vitamin?
- A. Biotin
- B. Niacin
- C. Thiamine
- D. Vitamin K
Eating raw egg white regularly can lead to deficiency of:
- A. Riboflavin (B2)
- B. Biotin
- C. Thiamine (B1)
- D. Pyridoxine (B6)